Decision Making for Soft and Hard Tissue Augmentation in Surgically Facilitated Orthodontics
The purpose of this article is to present a decision-making algorithm for soft and hard tissue augmentation in surgically facilitated orthodontics (SFOT). In cases where there is adequate hard and soft tissue envelope, selective corticotomies may be adequate. In cases, where the existing hard and soft tissue anatomy is inadequate, hard and soft tissue augmentation is recommended. Also, hard and soft tissue augmentation is recommended to avoid teeth extractions during orthodontics.

Manejo Integral de Maloclusion Clase III en Adulto, con Requerimientos Periodontales y Protesicos; Reporte de un caso clinico
En nuestra clinica observamos un aumento de pacientes adultos con problemas esqueletales, compromiso periodontal y necesidades protesicas. Debemos recurrir a la interconsulta con el periodoncista, protesista y cirujano maxilofacial, para la correccion del caso, prestando especial atencion al componente dentario, esqueletal y los tejidos blandos faciales del paciente. La cirugia ortognatica, que generalmente la realizamos luego de una preparacion ortodoncica, permite corregir discrepancias en el adulto y restaurar la funcion y estetica en los tres planos del espacio. Realizada la correccion oclusal, procedemos a sustituir dientes ausentes, mediante implantes y protesis fijas. El Periodoncista, mantiene un control constante de la salud de los tejidos de soporte, durante todas las fases de la terapia multidisciplinaria.

Evaluation of Enamel Micro-Cracks Characteristics After Removal of Metal Brackets in Adult Patients
The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare enamel micro-crack characteristics of adult patients before and after removal of metal brackets. After the examination with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), 45 extracted human teeth were divided into three groups of equal size. The length and width of the longest enamel micro-crack were measured for all the teeth before and after removal of metal brackets. The changes in the location of the micro-cracks were also evaluated. New enamel micro-cracks were found in 6 of 15 (40 per cent) examined teeth. Greatest changes in the width of enamel micro-cracks after debonding procedure appear in the cervical third of the tooth. On the basis of this result, the dentist must pay extra care and attention to this specific area of enamel during removal of metal brackets in adult patients.

Non-surgical Orthodontic Treatment of Anterior Open Bite in an Adult Patient
Caucasian female, 20 years old accepted treatment in the Orthodontics department, White Clinic in February of 2008 with a chief complaint of problems in chewing food and also esthetics, and wanted orthodontic treatment. She had no relevant medical history and no previous history of orthodontic treatment. She had a tongue thrust swallowing pattern and from history taking, she used the pacifier until the age of 6.

Diagnosis and Treatment Planning for Predictable Gingival Correction of Passive Eruption
While the need to maintain a dry operative field has traditionally caused complications during various soft tissue surgical procedures, the use of bipolar electrosurgical techniques can eliminate the need to maintain a dry field, thus increasing the clinician's ability to deliver predictable, long-term results. This case presentation describes how to determine the presence of passive eruption, treatment plan its correction, and surgically alter the gingiva to provide a more aesthetic smile. Upon…

Open Gingival Embrasures After Orthodontic Treatment in Adults
The purposes of this study were to determine the prevalence of posttreatment open gingival embrasures in adult orthodontic patients and to examine the association of pretreatment maxillary incisor malalignment, posttreatment alveolar bone height, interproximal contact position, root angulation, crown shape, and embrasure area with open gingival embrasures. Posttreatment intraoral photographs of 337 adult orthodontic patients were evaluated to determine the prevalence of open gingival embrasures.…

Orthodontic Treatment as a Prelude to Dental Implant-Supported Restorations
The endosseous dental implant has steadily progressed to become an important modality of restoring incomplete dentitions in fully or partially edentulous patients. Osteointegrated dental implants have demonstrated relatively high success rates in both the maxillary and mandibular jaws. The American Academy of Implant Dentistry (AAID), the American Dental Association (ADA) and numerous other professional organizations have endorsed the placement of osteointegrated dental implants as a viable and…

Occlusal Vertical Dimension: Alteration Concerns
Courtesy of Inside Dentistry

Interdisciplinary Management of Single-Tooth Implants
Orthodontists treat many patients who are missing maxillary lateral incisors and/or mandibular second premolars. In the past, if the canines could not be substituted for lateral incisors, conventional full-coverage bridges were the common restoration. Recently, resin-bonded Maryland bridges became a popular substitute for conventional bridges to avoid crowns on the nonrestored abutments. However, resin-bonded bridges have a poor long-term prognosis for retention, lasting on average about 10 years.…

Maximizing Anterior Esthetics
As the new millennium gradua lly unfolds. the impact on dentistry will be substantial. In the past, the paradigm that controlled dental education and clinical dentistry was devoted to repairing the aftermath of the two major dental diseases (dental caries and periodontitis). However, in most regions of the United States, dental caries in younger individuals has decreased substantially for the past 25 years, due to fluoridation and the use of occlusal sealants. Furthermore, the number of patients with…

Adults Orthodontics in the 21st Century
For the past two decades, increasing numbers of adults have been referred to orthodontists for correction of their malocclusions. Adults usually are cooperative, clean their teeth, show up for appointments, and are appreciative of the clinician's efforts. However, adults may have problems other than malposed teeth and jaws that make their orthodontic treatment more challenging. Adults may have old and failing restorations, edentulous spaces, abraded teeth, periodontal bone defects, gingival level…